MUKOSITIS ORAL AKIBAT KEMOTERAPI

Authors

  • Raden Roro Rini Andayani Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Niken Indrastuti
  • Satiti Retno Pudjiati
  • Sonia Diovani
  • Marcella Anggatama

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33820/mdvi.v53i2.532

Keywords:

kemoterapi, mukositis oral, terapi

Abstract

 

 Mukositis oral merupakan komplikasi umum pada pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi atau radioterapi pada area kepala dan leher, dengan sekitar 40% pasien kemoterapi mengalami efek samping ini. Mukositis yang berat dan tidak tertangani dapat menghambat pengobatan kanker, memperpanjang waktu rawat inap, dan menurunkan kualitas hidup pasien. Memahami penegakan diagnosis mukositis oral akibat kemoterapi guna mencegah peningkatan keparahan dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Mukositis oral merupakan komplikasi inflamasi mukosa yang secara klinis ditandai oleh eritema, ulserasi, nyeri, dan perdarahan. Patogenesisnya terdiri atas lima fase, yaitu inisiasi, inflamasi, amplifikasi sinyal kerusakan, ulserasi, dan penyembuhan. Derajat keparahan mukositis oral dinilai berdasarkan klasifikasi World Health Organization (WHO) dan National Cancer Institute – Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE), mulai dari derajat 1 (ringan) hingga derajat 5 (kematian akibat toksisitas kemoterapi). Insidensi dan tingkat keparahannya dipengaruhi oleh kerentanan pasien dan jenis kemoterapi yang digunakan. Penanganan mukositis oral meliputi perawatan dasar mulut, agen antiinflamasi, fotobiomodulasi dan metode pendinginan oral. Diagnosis dini dan penatalaksanaan yang tepat terhadap mukositis oral diharapkan dapat memperbaiki prognosis dan kualitas hidup pasien kanker yang menjalani kemoterapi. 

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Author Biographies

Niken Indrastuti

1. Dermatology, Venereology and Aesthetic Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada

2. dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta

Satiti Retno Pudjiati

1. Dermatology, Venereology and Aesthetic Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada

2. dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta

Sonia Diovani

1. Dermatology, Venereology and Aesthetic Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada

2. dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta

Marcella Anggatama

1. Dermatology, Venereology and Aesthetic Departement, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada

2. dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Andayani, R. R. R., Indrastuti, N. ., Pudjiati, S. R., Diovani, S., & Anggatama, M. (2026). MUKOSITIS ORAL AKIBAT KEMOTERAPI. Media Dermato-Venereologica Indonesiana, 53(2), 129–135. https://doi.org/10.33820/mdvi.v53i2.532