MANIFESTASI KULIT SETELAH VAKSIN COVID-19: SEBUAH TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS DAN METAANALISIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33820/mdvi.v51i2.450Keywords:
MANIFESTASI KULIT, VAKSIN COVID-19Abstract
Pendahuluan: Penyakit coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) yang telah terjadi hingga saat ini mendorong pemerintah dan berbagai negara untuk melakukan vaksinasi sebagai cara untuk melawan virus COVID-19. Hingga akhir Mei 2021, lebih dari 1,5 miliar dosis vaksin telah diberikan di seluruh dunia diikuti dengan bukti nyata adanya efek samping pada kulit terkait dengan penggunaan vaksin COVID-19.
Tujuan: Mengetahui bukti terbaru dan pengetahuan dari manifestasi kulit yang terkait dengan kejadian setelah vaksinasi COVID-19 selama vaksinasi massal dapat membantu tenaga kesehatan dalam edukasi pasien.
Metode: Pencarian dilakukan secara komprehensif pada topik yang menilai manifestasi kulit setelah vaksinasi covid-19 dari awal hingga mei 2022.
Hasil: Terdapat 15 penelitian dari total 917 pasien yang menunjukan reaksi kulit yang paling sering terjadi setelah vaksin covid-19 adalah COVID-ARM (58,2%), urtika (22,3%), morbilliform eruption (10,6%), pitiriasis like rosea (6,1%), dan VZV Reactivation (2,6%). Dari hasil systematic review dan metaanalisis juga menunjukkan reaksi kulit yang dialami paling banyak terjadi pada wanita, middle-aged, setelah vaksin pertama (vaccine based mRNA) dengan onset 1-21 hari setelah vaksinasi.
Kesimpulan: Manifestasi kulit yang didapat setelah vaksin covid-19 terutama vaksin berbasis mRNA hampir sebagian besar hanya terbatas pada area tempat suntikan (COVID-ARM), dapat sembuh dengan sendirinya tanpa pengobatan, dan tidak ada gejala sistemik yang berbahaya.
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