PENGGUNAAN PELEMBAP PADA BAYI BERISIKO TINGGI TERHADAP INSIDENS DERMATITIS ATOPIK INFANTIL: SEBUAH TELAAH SISTEMATIK
Abstrak
Pendahuluan: Dermatitis atopik adalah penyakit peradangan kulit kronik residif, 15-20% terjadi pada usia anak. Keturunan pada keluarga merupakan faktor risiko yang paling berperan terhadap kejadian dermatitis atopik.. Oleh karena itu perbaikan fungsi sawar kulit sedini mungkin pada bayi berisiko tinggi dapat menjadi salah satu pilihan pencegahan primer terhadap dermatitis atopik Tujuan: Melakukan telaah sistematik terhadap hasil penelitian randomized controlled trials (RCT) yang menguji efek pemberian pelembap pada bayi berisiko tinggi terhadap insidens dermatitis atopik fase infantil. Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui tiga database elektronik yaitu PubMed, Cochrane, dan Embase. Artikel ditelaah secara kritis dan dinilai risiko biasnya menggunakan Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools. Hasil: Setelah dilakukan telaah kritis terhadap naskah lengkap, maka terdapat 4 artikel RCT. Keempat artikel tersebut didapatkan luaran yang hampir sama, yaitu insidens dermatitis atopik lebih rendah pada kelompok sampel yang diberikan intervensi. Diskusi: Keterkaitan antara faktor keturunan dengan insidens dermatitis atopik pada anak menjadi dasar kriteria inklusi untuk sampel pada telaah sistematik ini. Pemberian pelembap terbukti dapat memperbaiki nilai Transepidermal water loss (TEWL) dan hidrasi stratum korneum. Kesimpulan: Penggunaan pelembap pada bayi berisiko tinggi mungkin dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu bentuk preventif terjadinya dermatitis atopik. Namun masih dibutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mendukung hipotesis ini.
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