DAMPAK PRE-EXPROSURE PROPHYLAXIS ANTIRETROVIRAL ORAL TERHADAP INFEKSI MENULAR SEKSUAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33820/mdvi.v49i2.244Keywords:
IMS, perilaku seksual, PrEPAbstract
World Health Organization menganjurkan penggunaan Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) pada pasien HIV negatif sejak tahun 2015. Terapi PrEP menggunakan obat antiretroviral (ARV) diberikan pada kelompok yang memiliki risiko tinggi dengan dosis tunggal harian atau dosis intermiten. Rekomendasi WHO penggunaan PrEP secara spesifik harus menggunakan Tenofovir tunggal atau dapat dikombinasikan dengan obat ARV lainnya. Pada beberapa penelitian efektivitas PrEP mampu menurunkan insiden kasus baru HIV hingga 92%. Terdapat potensi yang perlu diperhatikan mengenai pemberian PrEP, yaitu peningkatan perilaku seksual yang tidak aman, peningkatan insiden infeksi menular seksual (IMS), potensi resistensi virus, dan kecenderungan untuk melakukan hubungan aktifitas seksual berisiko lebih sering. Hal tersebut ditunjang oleh beberapa studi yang melaporkan peningkatan insiden IMS setelah era PrEP pada kelompok berisiko dan penurunan penggunaan kondom pada kelompok PrEP. Peningkatan kasus terjadi hampir di seluruh penyakit IMS yang disebabkan oleh bakteri sedangkan untuk penyakit IMS yang disebabkan oleh virus relatif menetap. Pemberian PrEP harus disertai dengan konseling dan pemeriksaan kesehatan berkala khususnya terkait infeksi menular seksual. Tinjauan pustaka ini disusun untuk memahami dampak pemberian PrEP terhadap angka kejadian IMS.
Kata kunci: IMS, perilaku seksual, Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
Downloads
References
2. Caceres CF, O’Reilly KR, Mayer KH, Baggaley R. PrEP implementation: moving from trials to policy and practice. JIAS. 2015;18:202-22.
3. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan perkembangan HIV AIDS dan penyakit infeksi menular seksual (PIMS) triwulan II tahun 2020. 2020. [Disitasi 30 November 2021]. Available at: https://siha.kemkes.go.id/portal/files_upload/Cover_TW_II_2020_FINAL_OK_050820_1.pdf
4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. US Public Health Service: Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States—2017 Update: a clinical practice guideline. United states: CDC; 2018.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. US Public Health Service: Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection in the United States—2017 Update: clinical providers supplement. United States: CDC; 2018.
6. Chou R, Evans C, Hoverman A, Sun C, Dana T, Bougatsos C, et al. Preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection evidence report and systematic review for the US preventive services task force. JAMA. 2019;321:2214-30.
7. World Health Organization. What’s the 2+1+1? Event-driven oral pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent HIV for men who have sex with men: Update to WHO’s recommendation on oral PrEP. Geneva: WHO; 2019.
8. US Preventive Service Task Force. Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection US preventive service task force recommendation statement. JAMA. 2019;321:2203–13.
9. Cairns G. PrEP and sexually transmitted infections : a research briefing. Aidsmap [Serial dalam internet]. 2019. [Disitasi 3 Februari 2020]. Available at: http://www.aidsmap.com/about-hiv/prep-and-sexually-transmitted-infections-research-briefing.
10. McCormack S, Dunn DT, Desai M, Dolling DI, Gafos M, Gilson R, et al. Pre-exposure prophylaxis to prevent the acquisition of HIV-1 infection (PROUD): Effectiveness results from the pilot phase of a pragmatic open-label randomised trial. Lancet. 2016;387:53–60.
11. Cassels S, Katz DA. Seroadaptation among men who have sex with men: Emerging research themes. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2013;10:305–13.
12. Montano MA, Dombrowski JC, Dasguspta S, Golden MR, Duerr A, Manhart LE. Changes in sexual behavior and STI diagnoses among MSM initiating PrEP in a clinic setting. AIDS and Behavior. 2018;23:548-55.
13. Traeger MW, Cornelisse VJ, Asselin J, Price B, Roth JN, et al. Association of HIV Preexposure prophylaxis with incidence of sexually transmitted infections among individuals at high risk of hiv infection. JAMA. 2019;321(14):1380-90.
14. Hoornenborg E, Coyer L, Achterbergh RCA, Matser A, Van der Loeff MFS, Boyd A, et al. Sexual behavior and incidence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex with men using daily and event-driven pre-exposure prophylaxis in AMPrEP: 2 year results from a demonstration study. Lancet HIV. 2019;6:h.447-55.
15. Mohammed H, Blomquist P, Ogaz D, Duffell S, Furegato M, Checchi M, et al. 100 Years of STIs in the UK: A review of national surveillance data. Sex Transm Infect. 2018;94:553–8.
16. Public Health England. Sexually transmitted infections and screening for chlamydia in England, 2018. Heal Prot Rep. 2019 [cited 2020 Feb 5]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/sexually-transmitted-infections-stis- annual-data-tables.
17. Werner RN, Gaskins M, Nast A, Dressler C. Incidence of sexually transmitted infections in men who have sex with men and who are at substansial risk of HIV infection – A metaanalysis of data from trials and observational studies of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis. PLoS. 2018;13:h.2-24.
18. Ong JJ, Baggaley RC, Teodora E, Tucker JD,Fu H, Smith K, et al. Global epidemiologic characteristic of sexually transmitted infections among individuals using preexposure prophylaxis for the prevention of HIV infection. JAMA. 2019;2:h.1-17.
19. Serpa JA, Huynh GN, Nickell JB M. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and increased incidence of sexually transmitted infections in the united states. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;53:h.1689–99.
20. Bouassa RSM, Belec L, Gubavu C, Pere H, Matta M, Maka A,et al. High prevalence of anal and oral high-risk human papillomavirus in human immunodeficiency virus- uninfected french men who have sex with men and use preexposure prophylaxis. OFID. 2019:h.1-9.
21. Celum C, Morrow RA, Donnell D, Hong T, Hendrix CW, Thomas KK, et al. Daily oral tenofovir and emtricitabine-tenofovir preexposure prophylaxis reduces herpes simplex virus type 2 acquisition among heterosexual HIV-1-uninfected men and women: A subgroup analysis of a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161:h.11–9.
