PENYAKIT KAWASAKI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33820/mdvi.v46i2.63Abstract
Penyakit Kawasaki (PK) merupakan sindrom mukokutan dan kelenjar getah bening dengan demam disertai vaskulitis multisistem, terutama menyerang anak usia di bawah 5 tahun. Etiopatogenesis belum diketahui pasti. Gambaran klinis PK bergantung fase penyakit yaitu fase akut, subakut dan konvalesen. The American Heart Association (AHA) membagi kriteria diagnosis PK menjadi klasik dan tidak lengkap. Diagnosis PK klasik ditegakkan apabila ditemukan demam tinggi ≥5 hari dan memenuhi 4 dari 5 kriteria klinis PK, yaitu injeksi konjungtiva noneksudatif bilateral tanpa keterllibatan limbus, perubahan mukosa oral, perubahan ekstremitas, eksantema polimorfik, dan limfadenopati servikal unilateral. Pasien dengan demam tinggi ≥5 hari disertai kurang dari 4 kriteria klinis PK dapat dianggap sebagai PK tidak lengkap bila gambaran ekokardiografi ditemukan abnormalitas arteri koroner. Meskipun PK bersifat swasirna dan angka kematiannya sangat rendah, 15-25% kasus yang tidak diobati mengalami kelainan kardiovaskuler progresif dan menetap. Tata laksana PK melibatkan multidisiplin ilmu kedokteran. Pemberian imunoglobulin intravena (IGIV) dan aspirin efektif mencegah komplikasi.
Kata kunci: Penyakit Kawasaki, gambaran klinis, kriteria diagnosis
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References
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26. Valeyre L, Roujeau C. Epidermal necrolysis (Stevens Johnson Syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis). Dalam: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffel DJ, Wolf K, penyunting. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. Edisi ke-8. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2012. h.439-48.
27. Brogan PA, Bose A, Burgner D. Kawasaki disease: an evidence based approach to diagnosis, treatment, and proposal for future research. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86: 286-90.
28. Guidelines for medical treatment of acute Kawasaki disease: Report of the Research Committee of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery. Pediatr Int. 2014;56:135-58.
29. Patel RM, Shulmant ST. Kawasaki disease: a comprehensive review of treatment options. J Clin Phar. 2015;40:620-5
2. Rowley AH. Kawasaki disease. Dalam: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffel DJ, Wolf K,
penyunting. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. Edisi ke- 8. New York: McGraw Hill; 2012. h.2042-9.
3. Cohen BA. Reactive erythema. Dalam: Cohen BA, penyunting. Pediatric Dermatology. Edisi ke-3. Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2005.h.161-99.
4. Bayers S, Shulman ST, Paller AS. Kawasaki disease: diagnosis, clinical features, pathogenesis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69:501.e1-11.
5. Shulman ST, Rowley AH. Kawasaki disease: insight into pathogenesis and approaches to treatment. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2015;1-8.
6. Newburger JW, Takahashi M, Gerber MA, Gerwitz MH, Tani LY. Diagnosis, treatment and long term management of Kawasaki disease. Circulation. 2004;110:2747-71.
7. Kuo HC, Yang KD, Chang WC, Ger LP, Hsieh KS. Kawasaki disease: an update on diagnosis and treatment. J Pediatr Neonatol. 2012;53:4-11.
8. Ariyani S, Advani N, Widodo DP. Profil klinis dan pemeriksaan penunjang pada penyakit Kawasaki. Sari Pediatri 2014;15:385-93.
9. Advani N, Lukito B. Epidemiology of Kawasaki disease: data in Indonesia. Proceedings of the 9th international Kawasaki disease symposium. Taipei. April 2008.
10. Data kunjungan pasien Dermatologi dan Venereologi RSMH Palembang Januari 2012-November 2016.
11. Data kunjungan pasien Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSMH Palembang Januari 2014-November 2016.
12. Bayers S, Shulman ST, Paller AS. Kawasaki disease: complications and treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69:513. e1-8.
13. Yim D, Curtis N, Cheung M, Burgner D. Update on Kawasaki disease: epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis. J Pediatr Child Health. 2013;1-5.
14. James WD, Burger TG, Elston DM. Cutaneous vascular disease. Dalam: James WD, Burger TG, Elston DM, penyunting. Andrews’ Diseases of the Skin Clinical Dermatology. Edisi ke-10. Philadelphia: Saunders Elseiver; 2006. h. 815-51.
15. Rowley AH, Baker SC, Oreinstein JM. Searching for the cause of Kawasaki disease-cytoplasmic inclusion bodies provide new insight. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008;6:394-401.
16. Inamadar AC, Sacchidanand S. Kawasaki disease. Dalam: Inamadar AC,Sacchidanand S, penyunting. Pediatric Dermatology. Edisi ke- 1. New Delhi: McGraw Hill;2010. h. 158-61.
17. Mancini AJ, Adir AS. Other viral diseases. Dalam: Bolognia JL, Jorizzo JL, Shaver JV, penyunting. Dermatology. Edisi ke-3. New York: Elsevier Saunders; 2012.h.1346-65.
18. Paller AS, Mancini AJ. Vasculitic disorder. Dalam: Paller AS, Mancini AJ, penyunting. Hurwitz Clinical Pediatric Dermatology. Edisi ke-4. Edinburgh: Elsevier Saunders; 2011.h. 483-96.
19. Shou K, Lio Peter. Kawasaki disease. Dalam: Shou K, Lio Peter, penyunting. Color Atlas and Synopsis of Pediatric Dermatology. Edisi ke-2. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2009.h. 283-5.
20. Falcini F. Kawasaki disease. Dalam: Cerinic MM, penyunting. Skin Manifestation in Rheumatic Disease. New York: McGraw Hill; 2014.h.283-7.
21. Weedon D. Acute vasculitis. Dalam: Weedon D, penyunting. Weedon’s Skin Pathology. Edisi ke-3. Brisbane: Elseiver; 2010; h. 208-18.
22. Barnhill RL, Bustam KJ. Vascular disease. Dalam: Elder DE, Elenitsas R, penyunting. Lever’s Histopathology of the Skin. Edisi ke-9. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2005. h. 216-42.
23. Belazarian LT, Lorenzo ME. Exanthematous viral diseases. Dalam: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffel DJ, Wolf K, penyunting. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. Edisi ke-8. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2012. h. 2337-66.
24. Shou K, Lio PA, Stratigos AJ. Measles. Dalam: Shou K, Lio PA, Stratigos AJ, penyunting. Color Atlas and Synopsis of Pediatric Dermatology. Edisi ke-2. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2009. h. 448-90.
25. Travers JB, Mousdicas N. Gram positive infections associated with toxin production. Dalam: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffel DJ, Wolf K, penyunting. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. Edisi ke-8. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2012. h. 2148-59.
26. Valeyre L, Roujeau C. Epidermal necrolysis (Stevens Johnson Syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis). Dalam: Goldsmith LA, Katz SI, Gilchrest BA, Paller AS, Leffel DJ, Wolf K, penyunting. Fitzpatrick’s Dermatology in General Medicine. Edisi ke-8. New York: Mc Graw Hill; 2012. h.439-48.
27. Brogan PA, Bose A, Burgner D. Kawasaki disease: an evidence based approach to diagnosis, treatment, and proposal for future research. Arch Dis Child 2002; 86: 286-90.
28. Guidelines for medical treatment of acute Kawasaki disease: Report of the Research Committee of the Japanese Society of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery. Pediatr Int. 2014;56:135-58.
29. Patel RM, Shulmant ST. Kawasaki disease: a comprehensive review of treatment options. J Clin Phar. 2015;40:620-5
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Published
2019-07-26
How to Cite
Mayasari, R., -, F., & K, S. (2019). PENYAKIT KAWASAKI. Media Dermato-Venereologica Indonesiana, 46(2). https://doi.org/10.33820/mdvi.v46i2.63
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