ASPEK FARMAKOLOGIS ANTIBAKTERI TOPIKAL DI BIDANG DERMATOLOGI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33820/mdvi.v52i4.571Keywords:
absorption, topical antibiotics, dermatology, side effects, ressitanceAbstract
Antibakteri topikal banyak digunakan dalam bidang dermatologi karena memiliki risiko efek samping sistemik lebih rendah dibandingkan antibakteri sistemik. Tinjauan pustaka ini menjelaskan aspek farmakologis antibakteri topikal, termasuk faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi absorpsi, risiko resistensi, dan efek sampingnya. Setidaknya, terdapat 20 faktor yang dapat memengaruhi absorpsi dari obat topikal, yang terdiri dari karakteristik obat, intensitas pajanan, serta kondisi kulit pengguna. Angka resistensi terhadap antibakteri topikal bervariasi tergantung jenis antibakteri yang digunakan. Resistensi ini berdampak negatif pada keberhasilan terapi pasien dan berpotensi menyebar ke populasi yang lebih luas. Resistensi dapat terjadi di tingkat populasi akibat penggunaan yang tidak rasional, maupun di tingkat individu akibat penggunaan berulang. Efek samping antibakteri topikal umumnya berupa reaksi alergi, namun beberapa obat misalnya benzoil peroksida dapat menyebabkan iritasi, sementara penggunaan perak sulfadiazin berisiko mengakibatkan akumulasi perak. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan antibakteri topikal secara rasional dengan mempertimbangkan profil farmakologis penting untuk menurunkan risiko resistensi, meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan, dan meminimalkan efek samping
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Copyright (c) 2025 Harri Hardi, Mufqi Handaru Priyanto, Dewi Selvina Rosdiana
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